Which bone did God remove from Adam?

According to the biblical text in Genesis 2:21-22 (New International Version), the scripture says: "So the Lord God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep; and while he was sleeping, he took one of the man's ribs and then closed up the place with flesh. Then the Lord God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man." The English word “rib” is clear and has shaped traditional understanding. This passage has been the source for the widespread belief that Eve was fashioned from one of Adam’s ribs.

Why a Rib? Symbolism and Interpretation

The choice of the rib is not random. Many theologians and scholars suggest that the rib is symbolically significant. The rib is a bone from the side, not from the head or the foot, which would have implied superiority or inferiority. Instead, the rib suggests partnership and equality. Eve is created as a companion to Adam, meant to stand beside him as an equal. This interpretation has been influential in discussions about gender roles, marriage, and partnership.

Alternative Views and Linguistic Insights

Interestingly, the original Hebrew word used in the Genesis account is “tsela,” which appears dozens of times in the Old Testament. While it is often translated as "rib," in most other contexts, "tsela" means "side" or "flank." This has led some scholars to wonder if the text originally meant that God took a portion of Adam’s side, rather than just a single rib. Some ancient Jewish and Christian commentaries even suggest that it could mean a larger part of Adam’s side or flesh.

Despite the linguistic debate, the prevailing tradition—especially in Western Christianity—has always held to the rib interpretation. This version continues to inform art, literature, and common teachings about the creation of Eve.

Common Myths and Misunderstandings

Over time, the story of Adam’s missing rib has given rise to several myths. One persistent misconception is that men have one fewer rib than women because of this event. In reality, both men and women typically have the same number of ribs—twelve pairs. The narrative is not intended as an anatomical explanation, but rather a theological and symbolic one.

Deeper Meanings: Union and Relationship

Beyond the anatomical detail, the removal of Adam’s rib to create Eve has been interpreted as a metaphor for the deep connection between humans. The narrative emphasizes that man and woman are of the same substance, made for unity and mutual support. Genesis 2:23 records Adam’s reaction: “This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh.” The story underlines the idea that human relationships are rooted in shared essence and partnership, not hierarchy or domination.

Influence on Culture and Art

The image of Eve being created from Adam’s rib has had a profound impact on art, literature, and religious thought. From Michelangelo’s paintings to countless sermons and stories, this moment has been depicted as a symbol of intimacy, vulnerability, and connection. It also serves as a rich source for reflection on the nature of companionship and the origins of humanity.

Conclusion

To answer the question directly: according to the Book of Genesis, God removed a rib from Adam to create Eve. While some linguistic and scholarly debate exists regarding whether the term might mean “side” or “flank,” the rib interpretation remains most widely accepted. The story’s deeper significance lies not in anatomy, but in the powerful message of human unity, partnership, and equality.