What is the story behind National Doughnut Day?

Every year, on the first Friday of June, Americans across the country celebrate National Doughnut Day—a delectable day dedicated to the beloved ring-shaped treat. But beyond the sprinkles, glazes, and cream fillings lies a fascinating history that connects doughnuts to acts of kindness, wartime camaraderie, and a remarkable effort to support those in need. The story behind National Doughnut Day is as rich as the treat itself, involving the Salvation Army, two world wars, and the enduring power of a simple pastry to uplift spirits.

Doughnuts Before the Holiday: A Brief History

While fried dough has existed in various forms across cultures for centuries, the modern doughnut is believed to have made its way to America with Dutch settlers in the 17th century. Known as “olykoeks” or “oil cakes,” these early doughnuts were balls of dough fried in pork fat. By the mid-19th century, the doughnut had evolved into a ring shape, thanks to the innovation of Hanson Gregory, a New England ship captain who is said to have used a pepper box to punch a hole in the center, allowing for more even cooking.

As doughnuts grew in popularity, they became a staple of American bakeries and fairs. However, it wasn’t until the early 20th century that these treats found their place in the annals of history, thanks to an unexpected source: the Salvation Army.

The Salvation Army and World War I: The “Doughnut Lassies”

The origins of National Doughnut Day are intimately tied to World War I. In 1917, as the United States joined the conflict in Europe, the Salvation Army sought ways to support American soldiers overseas. Recognizing the need for comfort and morale in the trenches, the organization dispatched a group of about 250 volunteers, including a significant number of women, to the front lines in France.

These women, affectionately known as the “Doughnut Lassies,” provided soldiers with snacks, supplies, and a touch of home. Lacking proper kitchen equipment and often working with limited resources, the Lassies ingeniously began frying doughnuts in soldiers’ helmets.

The smell of frying dough and the taste of warm, sugary treats quickly became a symbol of comfort and hope for the troops. The doughnut, humble yet heartening, became a culinary hero of the war effort. Soldiers often lined up for hours for a single doughnut and a cup of coffee, finding solace in the simple pleasure during harrowing times.

Doughnuts as a Symbol of Resilience and Gratitude

The impact of the Doughnut Lassies went far beyond the trenches. Their efforts not only lifted the spirits of weary soldiers but also brought attention to the role of women in wartime support. The image of the Doughnut Lassie became iconic, representing warmth, care, and resilience. When the soldiers returned home, they brought with them fond memories of the doughnuts and the women who served them. This association helped transform doughnuts into a symbol of comfort and gratitude nationwide.

The success of the Salvation Army’s initiative also inspired other organizations to adopt similar measures. During World War II, the Red Cross and other groups carried on the tradition, serving doughnuts to soldiers and civilians alike. The doughnut, once a simple treat, had become a symbol of national unity and support during times of crisis.

The First National Doughnut Day: A Legacy of Giving

National Doughnut Day was established in 1938 by the Salvation Army in Chicago, not merely as a celebration of doughnuts, but as a fundraiser to support those in need during the Great Depression. The event honored the service of the Doughnut Lassies and raised money for charitable causes, particularly to help those suffering from hunger and poverty.

The first celebration included doughnut giveaways, parades, and community events, drawing attention to the Salvation Army’s ongoing work. Bakeries and doughnut shops quickly joined in, offering free doughnuts to customers and helping to spread the tradition nationwide. Over the years, National Doughnut Day has grown in popularity, becoming a cherished annual event that combines history, charity, and, of course, delicious treats.

The Evolution of the Celebration: From Charity to Pop Culture

While the charitable roots of National Doughnut Day remain, the holiday has evolved into a celebration of American food culture. Major doughnut chains and local bakeries often give away free doughnuts, host contests, and introduce limited-edition flavors to mark the occasion. Social media is flooded with doughnut-themed posts, and people from all walks of life share their favorite memories and recipes.

Despite its commercial appeal, the heart of National Doughnut Day endures: it’s a day to remember the power of simple kindness, the courage of those who served, and the community spirit that can be found in sharing a treat. Many Salvation Army chapters continue to use the day to raise funds for programs that support veterans, the homeless, and others in need, keeping the original mission alive.

Fun Facts and Traditions

• The original doughnuts made by the Doughnut Lassies were simple, often just flour, sugar, eggs, and a dash of nutmeg, fried in lard. Today’s varieties include everything from jelly-filled to vegan and gluten-free options.
• During World War I, the popularity of doughnuts among soldiers led to the term “doughboy” being used as a nickname for American infantrymen.
• National Doughnut Day is celebrated on the first Friday of June each year, distinguishing it from other doughnut-related holidays like International Doughnut Day, which occurs in November.
• Many doughnut shops, including national chains like Krispy Kreme and Dunkin’ Donuts, offer free doughnuts on National Doughnut Day, drawing crowds and creating a sense of community.

The Enduring Legacy of National Doughnut Day

More than just a day for indulgence, National Doughnut Day serves as a reminder of the power of community, compassion, and the small comforts that can make a big difference. It honors the legacy of the Salvation Army’s Doughnut Lassies, the soldiers they supported, and the countless volunteers who have followed in their footsteps. As people across the country enjoy their favorite doughnuts each June, they participate in a tradition that spans generations and stands as a testament to the enduring power of kindness.