What are shabbat candles?
Traditionally, two candles are lit, representing the dual commandments to "remember" and "observe" the Sabbath as stated in the Torah. The act of lighting candles is not merely a ritual; it signifies the welcoming of the Shabbat into the home.
Shabbat candles are an integral part of the Jewish Sabbath, or Shabbat, which is observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening. This sacred day is a time for rest, reflection, and spiritual rejuvenation, and the lighting of candles marks the transition from the mundane workweek to a day of peace and holiness. The tradition of lighting these candles has deep roots in Jewish history and serves both a practical and symbolic purpose in the observance of Shabbat.
The Significance of Shabbat Candles
Lighting Shabbat candles holds significant meaning within Jewish culture. Traditionally, two candles are lit, representing the dual commandments to "remember" and "observe" the Sabbath as stated in the Torah. The act of lighting candles is not merely a ritual; it signifies the welcoming of the Shabbat into the home. This thoughtful observance transforms the atmosphere, creating a space filled with calmness and spirituality, which encourages connection with family, faith, and tradition.
The candles themselves are often made of beeswax or paraffin, although many prefer to use special Shabbat candles that are longer-lasting and burn evenly. The two flames symbolize a variety of important elements in Jewish thought, including the duality of the physical and spiritual worlds, and the commitment to both divine observance and family unity.
The Ritual of Lighting the Candles
The ritual of lighting Shabbat candles occurs shortly before sunset on Friday evening. As the sun begins to set, families gather together to perform this sacred act. The head of the household, usually the woman, lights the candles with a prayer, often reciting a blessing that thanks God for the commandment of lighting the Sabbath lights. This moment is infused with reverence and anticipation, marking the official start of Shabbat.
Traditionally, the candles are lit at least 18 minutes before sunset, although many families choose to light them even earlier. This timing adheres to the principle of "adding from the weekday to the holy," which is a common practice in Jewish law. The act of kindling the lights is often accompanied by a moment of reflection, where individuals might also take a moment to offer silent prayers for peace and joy within their homes.
Symbolism Behind the Flames
The flames of the Shabbat candles are rich with symbolism. They represent the divine light that is believed to illuminate one's soul, as well as the spiritual illumination that Shabbat brings into the lives of those who observe it. The beauty of the candlelight is a reminder that Shabbat is not just a day of physical rest, but also a time for spiritual renewal and enlightenment.
The flickering flames also capture the transient nature of life, drawing attention to the importance of cherishing each moment, particularly those spent with family and community during this holy time. The warm glow creates an atmosphere conducive to conversations, prayers, and shared meals, fostering a sense of togetherness and serenity.
Making Shabbat Candle Lighting a Family Tradition
For many Jewish families, the lighting of Shabbat candles is a cherished tradition passed down through generations. Incorporating children into this ritual can foster a deep sense of connection to their heritage and an understanding of the values associated with Shabbat. Many families choose to create personalized prayers or blessings and engage in discussions about the significance of the candles, thereby enriching the experience for younger members.
Some families also incorporate customs related to the candles, such as placing them in a special candlestick holder or lighting additional candles for extra family members. This practice highlights the importance of each family member's role within the household and emphasizes the collective spirit of Shabbat.
Conclusion
Shabbat candles are much more than simple lights; they are a profound expression of faith, tradition, and family unity within the Jewish community. By lighting the candles, Jewish families not only fulfill a religious obligation but also create a sacred space that allows them to pause, reflect, and celebrate the beauty of life and spirituality. The ritual of lighting Shabbat candles sets the tone for a day dedicated to rest, connection, and renewal, reminding those who observe it of the timeless values inherent in Jewish tradition. As the flickering flames cast their warm glow, they invite one and all to embrace the peace and joy that Shabbat brings into their lives.