What are examples of adultery in the Bible?

Adultery, defined as voluntary sexual relations between a married person and someone who is not their spouse, is a recurring theme in the Bible. It is consistently condemned as a serious moral failing and is addressed in both the Old and New Testaments. The Bible not only outlines the prohibition of adultery but also provides several narratives and examples where individuals commit, are accused of, or confront the consequences of adultery. These stories serve as cautionary tales and reflections on human frailty, justice, and forgiveness.

The Commandment Against Adultery

Before exploring specific examples, it is important to note that the prohibition against adultery is enshrined in the Ten Commandments. In Exodus 20:14, one of the core moral directives given to Moses is, “You shall not commit adultery.” This commandment sets the standard for marital fidelity in biblical law and religious tradition.

The Story of David and Bathsheba

One of the most prominent examples of adultery in the Bible is the story of King David and Bathsheba, recounted in 2 Samuel 11. David, the king of Israel, sees Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah, bathing and is overcome by desire. He summons her to his palace, and they have an affair that results in Bathsheba’s pregnancy. In an attempt to cover up his actions, David orchestrates Uriah’s death in battle and marries Bathsheba. This episode is not only an example of adultery but also of the destructive ripple effects—deceit, abuse of power, and murder—that can follow. The prophet Nathan later confronts David, and although David repents, he faces severe consequences, including turmoil within his family.

The Woman Caught in Adultery

In the New Testament, the Gospel of John (John 8:1-11) recounts the story of a woman caught in the act of adultery. The scribes and Pharisees bring her before Jesus, asking if she should be stoned as prescribed by Mosaic law. Instead of answering immediately, Jesus famously says, “Let him who is without sin among you be the first to throw a stone at her.” One by one, her accusers leave, and Jesus tells her, “Neither do I condemn you; go, and from now on sin no more.” This story emphasizes both the seriousness of adultery and the importance of mercy and forgiveness.

The Case of Hosea and Gomer

The prophetic book of Hosea presents another striking example, though it is more symbolic in nature. God instructs the prophet Hosea to marry Gomer, a woman described as being unfaithful. Gomer’s repeated adultery is used as a metaphor for Israel’s unfaithfulness to God through idolatry and disobedience. Hosea’s patient, forgiving love for Gomer serves as a portrayal of God’s enduring love for His people, even when they stray.

Other Notable References

Adultery is mentioned in several other places in the Bible. In Proverbs, for instance, there are warnings against the allure and consequences of adultery (Proverbs 5, 6, and 7). In the case of the Israelites’ worship of other gods, the language of adultery is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual unfaithfulness, as seen in the books of Jeremiah and Ezekiel.

Conclusion

The Bible presents adultery as a grave moral wrong with serious consequences for individuals, families, and communities. Through stories like David and Bathsheba, the woman caught in adultery, and the symbolic narrative of Hosea and Gomer, readers are shown not only the pitfalls of unfaithfulness but also the possibilities for repentance, forgiveness, and restoration. These biblical examples continue to offer guidance and reflection on the importance of faithfulness in relationships and spiritual life.